In the current issue of “Progress in Medicine”, we present a monography devoted to the problem of abdominal hernias, their etiology and surgical treatment. Among all diseases for surgical treatment, abdominal hernias are one of the most common in clinical practice of general surgeons. This subject has been a point of scientific interest for many years and every year we gain information about the most beneficial treatment methods for patients with this disease. Abdominal hernia has been accompanying human for ages. The first evidence of the treatment of this disease is found in ancient Egypt, Greece and Mesopotamia. Over the decades, the treatment of inguinal hernia has continued to evolve. A great development in the field of abdominal hernias surgery took place in the 20^th century, and a historical outline is presented in the article “History of inguinal hernia surgery”.